Optimizing Algae-Based Systems for Heavy Metal Remediation in Industrial Wastewater

Abstract

The growing concern over environmental pollution, particularly in industrial wastewater, has led to the exploration of sustainable remediation technologies. Algae-based systems have emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with heavy metals. This study investigates the optimization of algae-based systems for heavy metal removal, focusing on the bioaccumulation capabilities of algae species, process parameters, and system configurations. Various factors such as pH, temperature, nutrient concentration, and light intensity are evaluated for their impact on the efficiency of algae in removing heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). Results indicate that specific algae species exhibit high uptake rates under controlled conditions, making algae-based systems an effective solution for industrial wastewater treatment. The optimization of these parameters offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for mitigating heavy metal contamination.